A research framework for digital nomadism: a bibliometric study. (Special Issue: Leisure, knowledge work and the digital nomadism.)

Digital nomads live a new way of life that creates an ideal balance of work and leisure. Research on the phenomenon of digital nomads is still in its early stages and is not fully framed as a proper research category. Therefore, the present research aims to explore research on digital nomadism by study leading countries, authors and themes that can become a foundation for future research. This study is exploratory and interpretive - using bibliometrics, we systematically searched all articles indexed in the Web of Science database. The study presents the evolution of scholarly production, and identifies key authors and countries that have the potential to become pioneers in digital nomad research. We identified 17 core concepts of digital nomad research as well as concepts that have not yet received much attention from scientists. Additionally, our study provides a framework for research on digital nomadism and presents topics for future research: we determine how the 17 core concepts identified in this study affect the lives of digital nomads, research into legislation that directly affects digital nomads, study how COVID-19 has changed working styles, and offer a bibliometric analysis of data on digital nomads from other databases.

Exploring the influence of self-efficacy and autonomy on outdoor recreation behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic

Outdoor Recreation (OR) provides the benefits of physical activity and traditional leisure placed in an outdoor environment. Motivation, self-efficacy, and autonomy can increase depending on the physical and social environment. This study explored the relationship between self-efficacy and autonomy on OR behaviors and identified barriers and facilitators to OR during the COVID-19 pandemic. Survey information was collected from 995 U.S. adults (93.6% white, 64.0% female) regarding OR behaviors, changes in OR during COVID-19, and OR self-perceptions. Significant positive correlations existed between autonomy and self-efficacy (r = 0.138, p < 0.01), and self-efficacy and pre/post pandemic OR behaviors 2020 (r = 0.158, p < 0.01), (r = 0.129, p < 0.01) respectively. Qualitative data implied barriers and facilitators to OR as: social, mental health, and increased or changed OR/physical activity. Implications from this research are beneficial to OR and health professionals to promote overall physical and mental well-being for OR participants.

What is being uploaded on YouTube?: Analysis of fitness-related TouTube video titles pre- and post-COVID-19 in Korea. (Special issue on 2023 Asia Pacific sport and social science.)

Opportunities to participate in physical activities (PA) and fitness exercises in public and private facilities have been reduced or banned due to social distancing regulations during the height of the global pandemic. Though Korea has not experienced lockdown, several venues have been restricted to prevent the spread of Covid-19. Despite the limitations of PA engagement, people have found alternative activities by using online platforms to keep active and fit. Thus, this study focuses on analyzing fitness-related video titles from YouTube. By collecting data through text mining and conducting network analysis, it provides basic knowledge of the fitness trends from pre- and post-Covid-19. As a result, 'exercise' was found to have the highest tendency and had strong connections to keywords that indicated specific methods of working out to become fit, but it also had connections to trendy keywords such as 'hip-up' and 'body-profile' which reflect the fitness culture in Korea.

Financial investments of the dominant cruise companies as a component of the global economic recovery and eventual growth during COVID-19 crisis era

One of the most important sectors of tourism globally is cruise tourism, as is giving a leisure experience to cruisers who are traveling across different destinations. It is also one of the most growing sectors in the tourism industry as is becoming increasingly popular. In this review study, conducted employing thematic analysis and thematic synthesis, the authors aim to approach the COVID-19 crisis era financial investments of dominant cruise companies as a component of global economic growth. Nowadays, the cruise industry operates big cruise ships as is contrary to the cruise industry back in 1960s. This study finds that the biggest cruise companies line up investment plans to renew their cruise fleet with larger, more modern, and environmentally friendly ships, borrowing from favorable financing sources. In other words, the companies are trying to introduce specific strategies to maintain their business growth, by investing in building new vessels with the target of expanding their current fleet with cruise ships with better capacity.

Ready-to-wear products preferred by individuals who are regular sports

Living conditions in today's metropolitan cities shorten the time it takes for individuals to do sports. With the Covid-19 pandemic, the use of the home office environment has increased, causing physical activities to be moved to the indoor environment. The home environment has brought people's desire for socialization, physical activity, reduction of anxiety levels, and psychological relaxation to the fore even more. The epidemic, which still continues after the closure of more than two years, has expanded the use of casual clothes in the field of formal wear. Employees at the global level have turned to the use of leisure clothing, which provides more comfort than in the past. Depending on this demand, production has also gained momentum in the global sports ready-to-wear industry. This study aims to determine the ready-made clothing products preferred by individuals who regularly do sports and compare them with global data. The data of the research, in which the descriptive method was selected, was collected from structured questionnaires and literature data. The study group consisted of 208 people who volunteered to participate in the research and whose answers were accepted as valid, among the people who regularly do sports in the four big cities of Turkey (Bursa, Ankara, Istanbul, Izmir). Some of the data were collected over the internet due to the epidemic, and some of the data were collected through face-to-face interviews in gyms. Descriptive statistics applied data show similarities with global-based apparel market data. Individuals do sports to stay physically and mentally healthy and socialize. Indoor sports halls and houses are the most preferred places for sports activities, and the most preferred clothing products are t-shirts, tracksuits, and undershirt/singlet. The findings have been interpreted comparatively with the global data. It has been tried to reveal the future-oriented data for the product groups and market segments of the companies.

Modern innovation strategy in the hotel sector

One of the economic engines of the world is the leisure and hospitality sector. The industry's rapid embrace of new technology in recent years has significantly changed the manner that Both giving and receiving services. This study examines examine some of the most cutting-edge technology available today employed in the hotel sector and their working conditions boosting visitor experiences and transforming the hospitality platform for services. We also think about some possible futures. We might anticipate hospitality services as the Internet of IoT technology is continually developing. We continue to debate Several major obstacles must be overcome in order to implement a long-term, future-proof hospitality solution industry. Because the hospitality sector is very competitive and those who do not adapt are left behind, it is crucial to not only stay on top of the most recent technological advances but also to change with the times. In the context of COVID, keeping an eye on the pulse is especially crucial because consumer expectations and requirements are always changing.

Racing with the industry: an interview on motorsports, esports, livestreaming and the COVID-19 pandemic

The following interview discusses two paradigmatic media sports cases during live sports lockdown in 2020. Producing online tournament responses to the COVID-19 cancellations of live events, the IndyCar First Responders 175 race and the W Series esports league both turned to esports livestreaming. Under this transition, themes of safety, gender equity, risk, and rules emerged as key topics surrounding the current and future state of esports within media sports ecosystems. As discussed by Garth Midgley (founder of GOATi Entertainment and lead developer of 22-Racing Series), Abe Stein (senior strategist with the Sports Innovation Lab), Gina Miller and Jo Diamond (Communications executives, W Series), and Emma Witkowski (senior lecturer and esports academic), these cases exemplify ascending issues in sports quick transition to online esports and networked livestreaming solutions, shoring up media sports under lockdown.

Predicting physical distancing on recreational trails during COVID-19. (Special Issue: Covid-19 and outdoor recreation.)

The emergence of Coronavirus 19 led to societal and behavioral changes, including intensified use of many public parks and trails for mental respite and leisure time physical activity. As visitors sought stress-relief in the great outdoors, they also encountered stressful situations as they navigated risk exposure. Recommendations to physically distance between parties was a key component to reduce risk, but compliance is unknown in the outdoor arena. This observational study of more than 10 000 trail user encounters documented distancing and enabled predictive analysis that revealed wider trails, smaller groups and signage led to greater distancing compliance. Managers and planners can integrate these findings immediately and in consideration of future trail designs to minimize risk exposure.

Reprint of: exploring tourists' motivations, constraints, and negotiations regarding outdoor recreation trips during COVID-19 through a focus group study. (Special Issue: Covid-19 and outdoor recreation.)

The current COVID-19 outbreak has duly influenced tourists' psychology and subsequently their behavior and decision making to participate in outdoor activities. The purpose of this paper is to illuminate tourists' motivations, perceived constraints, and negotiation strategies to participate in outdoor recreation trips, within the current COVID-19 context. To explore and categorize motivating factors, constraints, and negotiation strategies, we employed a qualitative approach via semi-structured online focus group discussion with 16 tourists (mostly residents of Utah, United States) during late summer 2020. First, COVID-19 related restrictions and fewer opportunities to go outdoors were found to encourage outdoor recreation, for novelty-seeking and experiencing normalcy. Through content analysis, we found that tourists experience a blend of personal, social, practical, and ethical constraints. Additionally, we identified how tourists negotiate their constraints through different ways: by extensive planning and information searching, avoiding crowds, and changing leisure aspirations. Finally, we discuss theoretical and managerial implications of the study, followed by recommendations for future research.

The tourism pursuit app - can tourism destinations be gamified?

Tourism officials from the town of South Dundas in Ontario, Canada have launched a new app that utilizes gamification and interactive elements to promote tourism for both tourists and residents. This brand-new app, called the Tourism Pursuit, is a fresh way to learn about and locate South Dundas' areas of interest. Interesting to note is the app was developed with the aid of students from a local college. The purpose of the case study is to highlight the use of gamification, a trending medium, as an interactive tool to boost tourism in a region in the wake of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic.

Just-in-time CSR for urgent needs during the COVID-19 outbreak: the case of casinos. (Special Issue: Tourism recovery under COVID-19: Experiences from China.)

The casino industry may have been stigmatized by its notorious image due to the negative consequences that gambling brings. Yet, they are at the forefront in combating the pandemic, taking a proactive stand to expedite corporate social responsibility (CSR) through a constellation of means in a timely manner. Moreover, the majority of research focuses on the long-term strategic CSR, leaving ad-hoc CSR initiatives that are responsive without previous planning underexplored. Proactive and prompt CSR efforts exerted by casino conglomerates hence offer researchers a case in better understanding this rarely researched area pertaining to just-in-time CSR amid a mega turbulence. Based on data collected from casino websites, social media, and other public media, we have organized their initiatives into themes germane to safeguarding their personnel and guests, giving encouragement to the society, contributing to financial charities as well as daily necessities and protective supplies, promoting safety and better quality of life during the pandemic, and more. These endeavors do make a real difference in saving lives as well as uniting the community to build up resilience to mitigate the aftermath of the crisis. These expedited CSR efforts render a new phenomenon that we refer as just-in-time CSR.

Effects of an incentive virtual physical activity sessions for people with type 2 diabetes, during social containment due to COVID-19 pandemic

The lockdown measures due to the COVID-19 pandemic had induced a negative impact on the physical, mental and social health of people with chronic diseases, and more specifically Type 2 Diabetes. The study's aim was to evaluate the impact of an incentive Physical Activity (PA) program during the COVID-19 lockdown period on the mental health of people with Type 2 Diabetes. Via an association of patients, people with Type 2 Diabetes were contacted by e-mail to receive virtual PA sessions (from 30 to 60 minutes), 3 times a week for 7 weeks. Their mental health status was assessed using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale and their PA level was assessed using International Physical Activity Questionnaire's score. Nine people with Type 2 Diabetes (64.2 +or- 11.5 years) completed the study. The participants' mental health status was maintained after the incentive intervention or even improved for some of them, with changes in the anxiety/depression profile for 3 patients. The PA score was also maintained at the end of the program (p = 0.153). In conclusion, this first exploratory work on the effects of an incentive virtual PA program on the mental health of diabetic people highlighted that this type of e-health approach could be relevant to use for, at least, maintaining the state of anxiety/depression of diabetic people during a lockdown period.

Survey of citizens' satisfaction with urban parks in the COVID-19 pandemic: an online survey

Urban landscapes and green spaces are an important and integral part of urban spaces, these places play a significant role in improving the quality of life of citizens and increasing their well-being, so citizens' satisfaction with these places, especially in critical situations such as A pandemic is important, Therefore, citizens 'satisfaction with these places is especially important in critical situations such as pandemics. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate citizens' satisfaction with urban parks in pandemic conditions. The required data have been obtained through library resources and questionnaires and have been analyzed by calculating the frequency and mean score of its variables. The results of the data showed that the role of urban parks in reducing the stress caused by the Covid 19 pandemic with an average score of 3.2 is significant and also the existence of an appropriate number of urban parks to reduce population density with an average score of 1.5 indicates a lack of urban green space. In general, it can be concluded that urban parks play an effective role in critical situations such as pandemics and their access should be maintained and strengthened, Also, the facilities needed by these parks to adapt them to pandemic conditions will be increased, in order to increase citizens' satisfaction with these places.

Family tourism: a New Zealand COVID-19 perspective. (Special Issue: The re-imagination of New Zealand tourism.)

Purpose: Because of COVID-19, tourist behaviour has changed with a range of trends becoming more prominent. This paper sets out to explain the dominance of family tourism in New Zealand's domestic markets and the trends associated with it. Design/methodology/approach: This paper is based upon secondary data from academic literature, industry reports, news media and webinars associated with New Zealand during COVID-19, starting in March 2020. Findings: The paper explains the rise of family tourism in New Zealand during COVID-19 based upon the consumer behaviour trends of: (1) Simplicity: In search of slow;(2) Mercurial consumption;(3) Localism;(4) Staycation;(5) Healthy habits;and (6) Is it safe to come out? : Originality/value: The usefulness of this paper is derived from explaining why the rise of family tourism occurred based upon the identified trends.

The relationship between leisure activities and the mental health of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic

Despite the benefits of leisure activities for mental health, very little is known about the link between leisure activities and mental health of college students during the COVID-19 pandemic. To fill this knowledge gap, this study sought to examine the relationship between leisure activities and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. A cross-sectional online survey of 30 Chinese provinces was conducted from March 9 to 25. The Zung's Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Depression Scale were conducted to measure mental health, while the duration of leisure activities was used to evaluate leisure. Results of logistic regression showed the impact of leisure activities on self-rated mental health depends on types of leisure activities. Reading and calligraphy are beneficial to self-rated mental health while online activities are not. Self-rated mental health is associated with leisure activities. More college students with self-reported anxiety symptoms like to participate in hobbies and outdoor physical activities, while college students who reported depression are reluctant to participate in most leisure activities. Females, postgraduates incline to participate in more types of leisure activities, and students living in urban areas are reluctant to join outdoor physical activities. Besides, these groups are more likely to have self-reported mental illness symptoms.

Research trends and themes in the top-tier tourism, leisure and hospitality journals: a bibliometric and network analysis before and during the COVID-19 era

This research aims to provide perspicuous insights and solid overviews on research trends and themes within the context of tourism, leisure, and hospitality before and during the COVID-19 era. In doing so, a blend of bibliometric (evaluative and relational) measures was employed to systematically analyze and visually map a total of 22787 publications in the top fifteen academic journals based on Scopus CiteScore under the category of 'Tourism, Leisure, and Hospitality Management' from 2000 to May 2021. The results of evaluative methods indicate that there is a substantial growth in the number of publications in the selected journals over the given period, especially during the COVID-19 era. Several reputed institutions and nations significantly contributed to the targeted journals. Moreover, key tourism research themes and clusters were specified and an integrated overview on international research collaboration is confirmed. Theoretical and practical contributions are provided. Limitations and future research directions are outlined.

COVID-19 outbreak in a summer camp in the Piedmont Region (2021): description, lessons learned and recommendations for future summer camps

Introduction: In August 2021, an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) occurred in a summer camp in Piedmont region, Italy, affecting primarily campers aged 16 years. We conducted a retrospective cohort study among campers and personnel (attendees) to determine the attack rate (AR), evaluate possible factors associated with transmission and propose recommended measures for the organization of future summer camps. Materials and methods: A de-identified database including demographic, role of attendees, cohorting, means of transportation to the camp, inter-camper interactions, SARS-CoV-2 testing results and symptomatology was used. All analysis data came from a collection of data carried out by the organizing private company and the information related to the mitigation protocol put in place was provided by the health care personnel. All campers were asked to have an antigen/molecular test within 72 hours before departure. Nine dedicated buses departed from different Italian regions towards the camp. All travellers wore a surgical mask during the trip. Upon arrival, regardless of the bus used, the campers were divided into 11 subgroups with no further contact between them unless they were blood relatives. No SARS-CoV-2 screening tests were scheduled for campers after arrival and during the camp period. On the other hand, personnel had a screening test at each shift change. During the camp period, antigen tests were performed at cases with symptoms suggestive of infection. Only attendees enrolled in the private company and those who received at least one test since arrival at the camp were considered in the study. We calculated overall AR and relative risk (RR) along with specific, transmission-focused risk factors.

The role of online exercises apps in changes the leisure time behavior and physical activity level of healthcare professionals during COVID-19: qualitative researches

Objective: The corona virus epidemic has caused significant changes in lifestyles all over the world. The aim of this study was to examine the views of healthcare professionals about changes in leisure time behaviors, physical activity levels and online physical activity practices during coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) isolation period. Material and Methods: Eight healthcare workers who were active in the corona virus epidemic, have had at least 2 years of work experience, and used online exercise apps were selected as the research group. Psychological phenomenology analysis method was used in the research. In-depth interviews were conducted with a semi-structured questionnaire as a data collection tool and participant observation was made in the field.

Slow nature-focused leisure in the days of COVID-19: repressive myths, social (in)justice, and hope. (Special Issue: Being outdoors: challenging and celebrating diverse outdoor leisure, embodiments and experiences. Part 3. outdoor leisure, other and othering.)

This paper offers a tri-fold contribution. The original intent for this special issue paper was an investigation into outdoor recreational experiences that place 'nature' at the forefront of the activity, including Shinrin-Yoku (Forest Bathing);Friluftsliv;Uitwaaien;Gokotta;and Green-Care Farming. These nature-first approaches exemplify 'slow' leisure, offering a counter-narrative to highly structured and overly-engineered outdoor experiences. As the writing unfolded and with the passage of time, the World suddenly came to its own 'slowing' down - almost to a halt - as the Coronavirus (COVID-19) and the resurgence of the Black Lives Matter movement gained Worldwide prominence. As a result, the final version of this paper offers autoethnographic and theoretical insights into 'slow leisure' relevant to some of the challenges imposed by COVID-19 and societal (in)justices. This exploration advances an ideology of hope as life continues to shift, evolve, and reveal emergent potential(s).

Festival cities and tourism: challenges and prospects. (Special Issue: Festival cities and tourism.)

This paper provides an introduction to the special issue of the Journal of Policy Research in Tourism, Leisure and Events on Festival Cities and Tourism. It provides a contextualisation of the conversations surrounding the relationship between cities and their festivals during the Covid-19 pandemic. Focussing on the 'festival city' of Edinburgh, we examine how festival organisers reacted to the challenges of the pandemic, and how they strove to maintain contact with audiences and other stakeholders. We then review the different contributions to the special issue, ranging from festivalisation and suburban food festivals in Barcelona to an art festival in Dublin, the European Capital of Culture in Hungary and the festival portfolio of Hong Kong.